During a 9-month outdoor test project (January 2023 to September 2023), TÜV SÜD completed the data analysis and testing report for the Hainan PV plant. The Hainan PV plant’s site is located in Ding'an County, Hainan Province. Approximately 1880 hours of sunlight are experienced annually, with a peak sun hours total of around 1600 hours. Around 1953 millimeters of precipitation are experienced annually. The average temperature is 24°C, with a relative humidity of over 90%. The test of Hainan PV plant installed two types of modules for comparative certification: P-type PERC bifacial modules and N-type bifacial modules utilizing DAS Solar's N-type TOPCon technology. According to a detailed analysis of the power generation performance of N-type and P-type modules conducted by a series of monitoring devices, monthly power generation of N-type modules exceeds that of P-type modules by approximately 5.03%.

Hainan Test PV Plant

The PV plant is located at 19°40'N latitude and 110°18'E longitude, with an installed capacity of approximately 5 kW (both N-type and P-type modules consisting of 9 pieces per matrix). These modules are connected to string inverters (SUN2000-60KTL) to grid connected. The project uses a adjustable fixed bracket structure with a tilt angle of 16°C, no back shading, and a ground surface covered with grass. The modules are installed at a minimum height of around 1 meter. In addition to the installation of a environmental monitoring station, the project also has high-precision DC meters, module-level temperature sensors, and arrays of front and back irradiance meters.

To mitigate the influence of inverters on the power generation performance of different module types, the PV plant directly employed DC meter data and conducted normalization processing. A study of N-type TOPCon modules and P-type PERC modules showed that the average monthly electricity generation for N-type modules was 123.05 kWh/kW during the 9-month testing period, while the average monthly electricity generation for P-type modules was 116.86 kWh/kW. This indicates that the monthly electricity generation of N-type modules exceeded that of P-type modules by approximately 5.03%.

Comparative data of monthly power generation of N-type modules and P-type modules

Power degradation, high-temperature performance, bifaciality, and low irradiance power generation performance influence the module power generation. It has a "0" LID, 1.00% first-year power degradation, and 0.40% annual degradation, ensuring reliable performance. Comparatively, P-type modules exhibit 2% first-year power degradation, and 0.45% annual degradation.

DAS Solar's N-type TOPCon cells exhibit superior performance under summer high-temperature conditions with an open-circuit voltage of up to 730mV and a temperature coefficient of -0.30%/°C. The N-type modules of DAS Solar also offer higher conversion efficiency, which reduces module operating temperatures. According to the outdoor test, DAS N-type modules operate at an average operating temperature of approximately 1.6°C lower than P-type modules.

Leveraging advanced technologies such as high-energy laser-induced selective emitter (i-SE), ultra-thin polycrystalline silicon with micro-doped ut-polySi, and passivated emitter rear contact (PERC) with multilayer surface passivation (mt-Pass), the N-type modules have 80% bifaciality. The N-type module also excels in low-irradiance conditions, delivering higher power output even on cloudy or foggy days.

Equipped with DAS Solar's cutting-edge TOPCon 4.0 cell technology, a mass production efficiency of over 26%, and an impressive 26.33% efficiency was achieved by DAS Solar's large-area (333.4cm²) solar cell. As a leader in N-type technology, DAS Solar is dedicated to continuous exploration and rigorous research in N-type technology, consistently surpassing industry standards in cell and module efficiency. DAS Solar’s N-type module offers advantages such as zero light-induced degradation (LID), higher bifaciality, lower temperature coefficient, and superior performance under weak light conditions, meeting the diverse requirements of various application scenarios. 

It has been proven that using N-type modules has increased the average electricity generation by approximately 5.03% compared to P-type modules through testing at the Hainan test PV plant from January 2023 to September 2023. A practical and effective reference for the design of photovoltaic power generation systems is provided as well as validating the superior power generation performance of DAS Solar's N-type modules.